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Mount Washington Arboretum · Baltimore, MD

Pepper

Habanada

Capsicum chinense

Annual

Care at a glance

☀️ LightFull sun (8 hrs)
💧 WaterDeep, consistent; 1–1.5 inches/week
📅 Days to maturity70–90
🌀 LifecycleAnnual
🗺 Hardiness zoneAnnual (frost-sensitive)
🌡 Temperature60°F – 90°F
↕ Height18–36"
↔ Spread18–24"
📏 Spacing18" apart

Soil

pH: 6.0–6.8  ·  Rich, warm, well-drained

Nutrients & Fertilizing

Balanced; high K at fruiting; avoid excess N

Baltimore Planting Windows

Based on last frost ~May 1, first frost ~Oct 31 (Zone 7a)
🪴 Transplant out (spring)May 15 – Jun 1

About this plant

All the floral sweetness of the famous habanero, minus the burn. 100 days to maturity; 70 days for green peppers.

Germination

7-10

How to plant

Start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before transplanting. Sow seeds 1/4" deep. Germinate with heat mat. Transplant 2-4 weeks after last frost when soil reaches 70F.

Growing tips

Habanada peppers need full sun (6–8 hours daily) and warm soil; plant after all frost risk has passed. Water consistently to keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged, as irregular watering causes blossom-end rot and stress. Fertilize every 2–3 weeks with a balanced fertilizer once flowering begins, or use a slow-release option at planting. These plants are compact but may benefit from light staking in windy locations. Watch for spider mites and aphids in hot weather; spray with insecticidal soap if needed. Yellowing lower leaves are normal as the plant matures.

Harvesting

Habanada peppers reach full flavor when they transition from green to bright red or orange, typically 75–90 days after transplanting. Harvest at any stage—green peppers are milder, while fully colored ones develop deeper, fruity heat (though still mild for a habanero). Use sharp scissors or pruners to avoid damaging branches. Peppers store well in the refrigerator for 2–3 weeks or can be dried for longer storage; the fruity flavor concentrates when dried. Regular harvesting encourages continued production throughout the season.

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