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Mount Washington Arboretum · Baltimore, MD

Pepper

Jigsaw

Capsicum annuum

Annual

Care at a glance

☀️ LightFull sun (8 hrs)
💧 WaterDeep, consistent; 1–1.5 inches/week
📅 Days to maturity70–90
🌀 LifecycleAnnual
🗺 Hardiness zoneAnnual (frost-sensitive)
🌡 Temperature60°F – 90°F
↕ Height18–36"
↔ Spread18–24"
📏 Spacing18" apart

Soil

pH: 6.0–6.8  ·  Rich, warm, well-drained

Nutrients & Fertilizing

Balanced; high K at fruiting; avoid excess N

Baltimore Planting Windows

Based on last frost ~May 1, first frost ~Oct 31 (Zone 7a)
🪴 Transplant out (spring)May 15 – Jun 1

About this plant

Jigsaw pepper is a stunning feast for the eyes! Leaves are multicolored in tie dye patterns of lavender, cream, violet, sea-foam and forest green. Short, stocky plants produce small, plum-colored fruit, about as spicy as a jalapeno.

Germination

Pepper seeds need warm soil between 75–85°F to germinate reliably, typically sprouting in 7–14 days. They prefer light for germination, so sow seeds on the soil surface or just barely cover them. No pre-treatment is necessary, though soaking seeds for a few hours before sowing can speed germination slightly. Start seeds indoors 8–10 weeks before your last spring frost.

How to plant

• 8-12 hours of Sun • Sprouts in 7-10 Days • Ideal Temperature: 70-95F • Seed Depth: 1/4" • Plant Spacing: 14-18"

Growing tips

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; peppers dislike both drought and soggy conditions. Feed every 2–3 weeks with a balanced fertilizer once plants are established, or use a slow-release option at planting. Jigsaw peppers are compact and rarely need staking, but provide support if branches become heavy with fruit. Watch for spider mites in hot, dry conditions and aphids early in the season; both respond well to insecticidal soap or strong water spray. Blossom-end rot signals calcium deficiency from inconsistent watering; mulch and water steadily to prevent it.

Harvesting

Pick Jigsaw peppers at the immature green stage for best flavour and tenderness, usually 60–70 days after transplanting, or allow them to ripen to red, yellow, or orange for sweetness and higher vitamin C. Peppers can be harvested at any stage of colour change. Cut peppers with a short stem using pruners rather than pulling to avoid damaging the plant. Store fresh peppers in the crisper drawer for up to two weeks, or freeze them whole or sliced for longer storage.

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