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Mount Washington Arboretum · Baltimore, MD

Spinach

New Zealand

Tetragonia Expansa

Annual

Care at a glance

☀️ LightFull sun to part shade
💧 WaterConsistent moisture
📅 Days to maturity37–45
🌀 LifecycleAnnual
🗺 Hardiness zoneAnnual (cool season)
🌡 Temperature20°F – 75°F
↕ Height6–12"
↔ Spread6–8"
📏 Spacing3–5" apart

Soil

pH: 6.5–7.5  ·  Rich, well-drained, slightly alkaline

Nutrients & Fertilizing

High nitrogen

Baltimore Planting Windows

Based on last frost ~May 1, first frost ~Oct 31 (Zone 7a)
🌱 Direct sow (spring)Mar 1 – Apr 15
🍂 Direct sow (fall)Aug 15 – Sep 15

About this plant

Captain Cook's Spinach Substitute. Tastes like spinach but slow to bolt, even in hot weather. A good source of vitamin C.

Germination

Slow to germinate; 14-21 days

How to plant

Sow outdoors when danger of frost has passed. Air temps should be 70-80 consistently. Soak seeds 24 hours before planting.

Growing tips

New Zealand spinach thrives in warm weather and prefers consistent moisture without waterlogging—aim for 1 to 1.5 inches per week, adjusting for rainfall. It's less cold-sensitive than true spinach but grows best when soil temps stay above 50°F. Fertilize every 3-4 weeks with a balanced fertilizer or side-dress with compost to support continuous leaf production. The plant sprawls vigorously, so space plants 12 inches apart and provide room to spread. Watch for spider mites and aphids in hot, dry conditions; spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap as needed. Powdery mildew can appear in humid climates—improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering.

Harvesting

Begin harvesting leaves 50-70 days after planting once the plant is established and has multiple stems. Pinch off growing tips and younger leaves regularly to encourage bushier growth and delay flowering; this also gives you tender leaves for salads and cooking. Unlike true spinach, New Zealand spinach doesn't bolt quickly, so you can harvest continuously all season. Leaves are best used fresh but can be blanched and frozen for later use. Store fresh leaves in a plastic bag in the refrigerator for up to a week.

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